The solar water pump system is a system that converts solar energy into electric energy to drive the water pump for pumping, and is mainly composed of a photovoltaic array, a controller and a water pump. The soalr water pump system can be divided into a DC photovoltaic water pump system and an AC photovoltaic water pump system according to the different driving motors.

The soalr water pump system has the advantages of non-polluting, fully automatic, high reliability and unattended, and is an independent water supply system very suitable for remote areas. In addition, soalr pump systems are also used in desert governance, grassland animal husbandry, landscape fountains and seawater desalination.

In the solar water pump system, the water pump is the core component, but there are many models of water pumps on the market, which increases the difficulty of water pump selection. At the same time, the working characteristics of different types of water pumps are different, and the efficiency is quite different, so choosing the appropriate water pump is one of the ways to optimize the system.

Pumps are mainly divided into centrifugal pumps and positive displacement pumps. Positive displacement pumps are pumps that use the change in the internal volume of the pump cylinder to transport liquid. They have the characteristics of high efficiency and high lift. Although they have high price, large volume, high noise and high maintenance requirements Inadequate, but still has advantages in the occasion of high lift and small flow; centrifugal pump uses impeller rotation to make liquid centrifugal motion, which has the advantages of high efficiency, low price, convenient maintenance, suitable for rural use, etc. It has a wide range of applications and a wide range of applications.

There are also many problems in the application process of solar water pump system. The main reasons are: the high price of photovoltaic cells, low conversion efficiency, and the need for a large number of photovoltaic cells, resulting in a high cost of photovoltaic water pump systems compared to traditional driven water pump systems. There are many models of water pumps on the market, and the performance gap is large. The change of light intensity has a huge impact on the performance of the solar water pump system, and the requirements for the stable and efficient operation of the control system are higher.

The solar water pump system is reviewed, including the classification of the system structure, the introduction and selection principle of the system components, the research on the maximum power point tracking technology, the research on the motor control strategy and the research on the overall optimization strategy of the system. Finally, according to the shortcomings of the existing research, the corresponding optimization design direction is given.

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